Cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. [, All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. OSHA also requires that the scaffold support at least twice the maximum intended load if it is not guyed, tied, or braced. Base Plate: A device used to distribute vertical load. [, It is dangerous and therefore impermissible for two or more vertical lifelines to be attached to each other, or to the same point of anchorage. Thats why the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (. In general, a level is the easiest way to achieve the desired right angles. On top of the mud sill is a base plate the scaffold meets OSHA requirements. Guys, braces, and ties provide additional support to scaffolds. Sound anchorages include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. 9. Each platform on all working levels of scaffolds shall be fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports as follows: Each platform unit (e.g., scaffold plank, fabricated plank, fabricated deck, or fabricated platform) shall be installed so that the space between adjacent units and the space between the platform and the uprights is no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide, except where the employer can demonstrate that a wider space is necessary (for example, to fit around uprights when side brackets are used to extend the width of the platform). Hazards are identified, as well as the controls that keep these hazards from becoming tragedies. General access scaffolds provide a means of working at height while preventing falls and should be provided whenever practicable. 3. The portion of the tail line that hangs free below the scaffold shall be guided or retained, or both, so that it does not become grounded; Each hoist shall be covered with insulated protective covers; In addition to a work lead attachment required by the welding process, a grounding conductor shall be connected from the scaffold to the structure. [, Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift, where uplift can occur. This is in response to your letter dated January 28, 2000, addressed to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration the scaffold , Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of , No one ever leaves the safety zone on adjustable scaffolding. One concerns the employees on the scaffold itself, and the other concerns employees who may work in or enter the area below the scaffold. Construction. Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Methods of mitigating and preventing those hazards. This standard states that "supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall bear on base plates and mud sills or other adequate firm foundation." Base plates and/or mud sills? If there is a tail line below the hoist, it shall be insulated to prevent contact with the platform. [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. 18 complete drywall Baker scaffold tower set. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section, the front edge of all platforms shall not be more than 14 inches (36 cm) from the face of the work, unless guardrail systems are erected along the front edge and/or personal fall arrest systems are used in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section to protect employees from falling. [, When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform must be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. (Figure 13) [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3) and 29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3)(ii)]. There should also be a safe means of access, such as a ladder, to get on and off the scaffold platform. (Figure 9) [, When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, end frames may be used as climbing devices for access, provided that [. Many injuries can be prevented by following essential scaffolding safety precautions dictated by the OSHA scaffolding regulations. Whether the scaffold is stable and securely in place. Paragraph (g)(2) of this section addresses fall protection for scaffold erectors and dismantlers. Be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; Be provided with rest platforms at 12 foot (3.7 m) maximum vertical intervals; Have a minimum step width of 16 inches (41 cm), except that mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of 11 1/2 inches (30 cm); and. [, On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap may only occur over supports, and may not be less than 12 inches, unless the platforms are restrained (i.e., nailed together) to prevent movement. For a strong foundation, use the appropriate base plates, mud sills, and adjustable screw jacks on solid ground. Each section of the framework measured 6'5" high. Columns shall be set on level finished floors, pre-grouted leveling plates, leveling nuts, or shim packs which are adequate to transfer the construction loads. Changes in the types of scaffolds, fall protection, falling object protection, or other equipment present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. What are the 3 Types of Scaffolds? When erecting or dismantling tubular welded frame scaffolds, (end) frames, with horizontal members that are parallel, level and are not more than 22 inches apart vertically may be used as climbing devices for access, provided they are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. This determination shall be based on site conditions and the type of scaffold being erected or dismantled. In such cases, the platforms must be as wide as feasible, and fall protection must be provided. Inspect all equipment and get rid of any broken parts. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(3)]. Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(5) and (g) of this section, each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. Non-uniform rung spacing caused by joining end frames together is allowed, provided the resulting spacing does not exceed 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). Cross Bracing is a technique that involves crossing braces to support framed structures such as scaffoldings. Leveling Jacks measure 4.75 in. [, Have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals. [, A stair rail consisting of a toprail and a midrail on each side of the stairway. Have a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). The base plate, also known as the base plate, are located between the scaffold parts, which can be adjusted vertically. The end points at each upright shall be no more than 48 inches (1.3 m) apart. (Figures 14 & 15), Each employee on a scaffold must be protected from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects, by [. Suspension ropes shall be shielded from heat-producing processes. [. Sound points of anchorage include structural members, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, or electrical conduit. [, Sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling. NOTE: Except where indicated, the same basic scaffold requirements that appear in this module also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in Supported Scaffolds. When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines and automatic locking devices capable of stopping the fall of the scaffold in the event one or both of the suspension ropes fail. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1 1/2 inch (2 x 4 cm) wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, paneling or screening extending from the toeboard or platform to the top of the guardrail shall be erected for a distance sufficient to protect employees below; or, A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to prevent passage of potential falling objects; or. Repair, replacement or field modification of anchor rods (anchor bolts). Employers are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. OSHA requires that a qualified person design all scaffolds to support four times their maximum intended load. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. Wood platforms shall not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The competent person is responsible for determining the safety and feasibility of installing and using safe means of access, based on site conditions and the type of scaffold involved. Vertical lifelines, independent support lines, and suspension ropes shall not be attached to each other, nor shall they be attached to or use the same point of anchorage, nor shall they be attached to the same point on the scaffold or personal fall arrest system. The proper use of the scaffold, and the proper handling of materials on the scaffold. x 5 in. Also, note that the planks are bowing because the bricks are loaded at one point on the platform instead of being evenly distributed. Each column anchor rod (anchor bolt) assembly, including the column-to-base plate weld and the column foundation, shall be designed to resist a minimum eccentric gravity load of 300 pounds (136.2 kg) located 18 inches (.46m) from the extreme outer face of the column in each direction at the top of the column shaft. Each ladder jack scaffold, top plate bracket scaffold, roof bracket scaffold, and pump jack scaffold shall be at least 12 inches (30 cm) wide. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not allowed to be modified to make them fit together, unless a competent person determines that the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. Contains information that helps workers identify and control the hazards that cause the most serious construction-related . This includes inspections after adverse weather conditions, after modifications or repairs have been made to the scaffold, and after any other event that could potentially impact the scaffolds safety. building materials, paint roller extensions, scaffold components) that may be handled on them, come closer than 10 feet to the power line. Devices whose sole function is to provide emergency escape and rescue shall not be used as working platforms. 6" x 6" base size. 1926.755 (a) (1) All columns shall be anchored by a minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts). Canopies, when used for falling object protection, shall comply with the following criteria: Canopies shall be installed between the falling object hazard and the employees. [, Stair rails and handrails surfaced to prevent punctures or lacerations to employees, and to prevent snagging of clothing. It helps you collect data electronically and in real-time to quickly identify issues and take corrective action. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. Oregon OSHA allows 12-inch widths for ladder jack, top-plate (carpenter's) bracket, roof bracket, and pump-jack scaffolds. For lathing and plastering, a gap of 18 inches is permitted. Regarding fall protection, OSHA requires that employers take measures to protect employees from falling off the scaffold. To control the risk of a scaffold falling or collapsing, employers must assure that scaffolds are built within OSHA standards relating to strength and structural integrity. [, Stairways installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. The stall load of any scaffold hoist shall not exceed 3 times its rated load. Base Plate. ( a) of sound material, good construction and adequate strength; ( b) free from patent defects; and. [, Ends of rails may not extend beyond their terminal posts, unless they do not constitute a projection hazard to employees. In addition, be aware that ladders are also require on scaffolding. 317K. Sand, gravel and similar materials that can be easily dislocated shall not be used as counterweights. The use of shore or lean-to scaffolds is prohibited. All columns shall be anchored by a minimum of 4 anchor rods (anchor bolts). Safe points of anchorage include structural members of buildings, but do not include standpipes, vents, other piping systems, electrical conduit, outrigger beams, or counterweights. Mobile scaffolds: Must be securely fastened to the ground or another structure. In addition, OSHA requires that all scaffolds be guyed, tied, or braced if they are more than 20 feet tall. Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. This keeps the frame from sinking into the ground. 1926.451(c)(2)(i) Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without . Each platform greater than 10 feet in length shall not extend over its support more than 18 inches (46 cm), unless it is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. 6, 1979, as amended at 58 FR 35182 and 35310, June 30, 1993; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30 1996; 61 FR 59831, Nov. 25, 1996], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Stairrail systems and handrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to employees from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. Stairtowers (scaffold stairway/towers) shall be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm.) Ramps and walkways 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall have guardrail systems which comply with subpart M of this part -- Fall Protection; No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1) vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal).

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