Text Nursing and midwifery students stress and coping during their undergraduate education programmes: an integrative review. Similarly, the positive correlation with the following domains shows how people with greater stress have more anxiety trait and state and use strategies such as wishful thinking, self-criticism, social withdrawal and problem avoidance. Taylor S, Landry CA, Paluszek MM, Fergus TA, McKay D, Asmundson GJG. -, Beiter R. The prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress in a sample of college students. Health anxiety, perceived stress, and coping styles in the shadow of the COVID-19. J Anxiety Disord. Contemp Nurse. 1998;2:27199. Int J Soc Psychiatry. See Figs. Overall, female students have predominated the sample (n=920, 71.4%). Would you like email updates of new search results? Each item that obtained a coefficient>0.30 was considered useful for evaluating the attribute. Liu J, Yang Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zeng Y, Li J. Int J Nurs Sci. There were significant differences between all groups (p<0.001), except between stress reduction and passive coping (p=0.347) and between problem analysis and passive coping (p=0.205). BMC Med Educ 20, 370 (2020). physical activity; proper and adequate sleep; healthy eating; avoiding alcohol; meditation; caring for others; relationships maintenance, and using credible information resources about the pandemic, etc.) sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal converted to PDF/A-2b Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/sType/Font# The statements responses were scored on a 5-point Likert scale (from 0=never to 4=very often) as per the scales guide. Martnez FJCGLRFJG. The findings of our study may be a starting point for the exploration of the linkage between perceived stress, health anxiety, and coping strategies when people are not in their domestic context. Methods A cross-sectional correlational descriptive study. Regarding the perceived stress and the coping strategies, the results revealed a significant relationship between the total perceived stress and the following domains of the CSI: problem solving (r=.452, p<.01), self-criticism(r=.408 p<.01), wishful thinking (r=.459, p<.01), social support (r=.220, p<.01), cognitive restructuring (r=.375, p<.01), and social withdrawal (r=.388, p<.01). The median age (Interquartile range) among Hungarian students was 22years (5) and for the international students was 22years (4). Psychological predictors of anxiety in response to the H1N1 (swine flu) pandemic. Binary logistic regression analysis was also employed to examine the associations between different coping styles/ strategies (treated as independent variables) and both, health anxiety level and perceived stress level (treated as outcome variables) using median splits. The authors thank the students who took part in this study and generously granted us their time and provided us details about their experiences in clinical practice. For greater clarity of statistical analysis and interpretation, we created preferences regarding coping mechanisms. The university faculty should not only be aware of the stress levels of students, but also consider how they manage this stress, i.e. http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/ Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. BMC Medical Education Gerhold L. COVID-19: Risk perception and Coping strategies. 2012;36:2108. BMC Medical Education The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02294-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02294-z. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370404900609. New York: Springer; 1984. internal By using the Neptun system, we theoretically assumed that our survey questionnaire has reached all students at the University. It was also addressed that emotion-focused coping mechanisms were used more in situations appraised as requiring acceptance, whereas problem-focused forms of coping were used more in encounters assessed as changeable [24]. These correlations can be found in both the Hungarian and international students. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Text Brtolo A. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054. zdin S, Bayrak . Discussion This study was conducted to assess nursing students' perceived stress levels and their association with anxiety, as well as the coping behaviors used to reduce the effect of stress during clinical training. New York: Guilford Press; 2004. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, perceived stress, and the coping strategies used by . On April 30, 2020, there were 2775 confirmed cases, 312 deaths, and 581 recoveries. Al-Gamal E, Alhosain A, Alsunaye K. Stress and coping strategies among Saudi nursing students during clinical education. It is a minimal reference; missing components can be assumed to be unchanged. % While people with a higher degree of worry and checking behaviors may cause some burden on healthcare facilities by visiting them too many times (e.g., frequent unnecessary visits), other individuals may not seek medical help at healthcare units to avoid catching up infections for instance. An official website of the United States government. SeriesEditorInformation It also occurs in almost everyones life to a certain degree and can be rather deleterious when it is excessive [13, 14]. Mentlhigin s Pszichoszomatika. Strategies to reduce nursing student test anxiety: A literature review. 2017 Jun;26(3):197-203. doi: 10.3109/09638237.2016.1139067. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. However, in the Hungarian sample, womens health anxiety was significantly higher than mens (W=69,643; p<0.001), but there was no significant difference in perceived stress levels among between Hungarian women and men (W=75,644.5; p=0.064). A statistically significant association of perceived stress and anxiety with academic performance was observed. http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/sType/Part# Az szlelt Stressz Krdv (PSS) Magyar Verzijnak Jellemzi. Chua SE, Cheung V, Cheung C, McAlonan GM, Wong JWS, Cheung EPT, et al. However, as noted by Jimenez et al. In terms of the relationship between perceived stress and coping strategies, our findings indicate that among these three domains (problem solving, cognitive restructuring and social support) an inverse correlation exists, indicating that people who suffer less stress, will use these strategies more often. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 1989;13:34361. Phua DH, Tang HK, Tham KY. Coping responses of emergency physicians and nurses to the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak. 2001;30:96175. The levels of stress and anxiety may vary during students' educational training, depending on their ability to adopt behavioral strategies for coping with stress, and other factors. The levels of stress and anxiety may increase or decrease during their educational training depending on coping behavior strategies and other factors. Health anxiety is indeed an important topic as both its increase and decrease can progress to problems [14]. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Furthermore, the correlation between perceived stress and anxiety was significant in the present study, i.e. Taylor S, Asmundson GJG. Health anxiety is one of the most common types of anxiety and it describes how people think and behave toward their health and how they perceive any health-related concerns or threats. Alberts et al. 2022 Oct 10;19(19):12969. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912969. Google Scholar. 9 0 obj We compared health anxiety and perceived stress levels of the Hungarian and international students groups using the MannWhitney test. Disease Prevention Knowledge, Anxiety, and Professional Identity during COVID-19 Pandemic in Nursing Students in Zhengzhou, China. Health anxiety and perceived stress levels were significantly higher among international students compared to domestic ones. In the first model (model a), with the health anxiety as an outcome dummy variable (with median split; median: 35), only two coping strategies had a statistically significant relationship with health anxiety level, including wishful thinking (as a risk factor) and goal-oriented (as a protective factor). After the first year, once the basic core subjects are taught, the students begin their clinical placements. This study revealed that the nursing students from different countries had different stress levels in nursing education. These independent variables were entered into the regression model in five steps. On March 4, 2020, the first cases of coronavirus disease were declared in Hungary. There was a significant moderate positive relationship between the two variables (p<0.001; =0.446). The PSS-14 was designed for measuring the degree to which daily life situations are evaluated as stressors. The extraordinary makes the ordinary visible - nursing students' experiences of their learning in clinical practice during COVID-19: a qualitative study. 2004;49:3913. Up to 100% of the students who displayed severe anxiety in the state STAI were in specialized services Table 2. In nursing, the subject of stress has received much attention in the literature, and continues to be the topic of many studies [3, 4]. Regarding the year of studies, our findings support previous studies where the students with the most experience displayed higher levels of anxiety, whereas the most inexperienced showed lower levels of stress and anxiety [16, 17]. 2012;17:4459. According to the literature, Nursing students already have significant stress levels due to their education. Dimensions of coping: Hungarian adaptation of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. The levels of stress and anxiety may vary during students' educational training, depending on their ability to adopt behavioral strategies for coping with stress, and other factors. BMC Med Educ. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal 2020;26:e924171. Stress can negatively affect the populations well-being or function when they construe the situation as stressful and they cannot handle the environmental stimuli [10]. Cogn Ther Res. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The nursing department's staff may contribute in lowering student anxiety by maintaining a stable educational framework, providing high quality distant teaching and encouraging and supporting students through this challenging period. After exclusion of the described non-eligible responses (a total of 31 responses), the remaining 1289 valid responses were included in our analysis. A structure containing the characteristics of a font used in a document. J Adv Nurs. Privacy Relationships between scores were examined using Spearman's rho. [Online]. 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html. ID of PDF/X standard Wang X, Hegde S, Son C, Keller B, Smith A, Sasangohar F. J Med Internet Res. Elia Fernndez-Martnez In the case of people who carry an increased number of anxiety traits and maladaptive coping strategies, psychosocial stressors may further increase the level of perceived stress they experience. The objective of this was to investigate the relationship between anxiety, perceived stress and coping strategies used by nursing students during their clinical training. The sample consisted of 190 nursing students enrolled in the Nursing Faculty of Ciudad Real University in Spain. Perceived stress differences between coping strategies among the international students, Health anxiety differences between coping strategies among the international students. This could be a protective factor in terms of mental health, however this may hamper optimal results in terms of reducing the stress they suffer [30]. China Med Sci Monit. The original scales and their validated Hungarian versions are described in the following sections. The results showed that the international womens health anxiety (W=11,810; p=0.012) and perceived stress (W=10,371; p<0.001) levels were both significantly higher than international mens values. 2019;76:1727. The factor structure of The Ways of Coping Questionnaire and the process of coping in surgical patients. Priesack A, Alcock J. Well-being and self-efficacy in a sample of undergraduate nurse students : a small survey study. internal Chaabane S, Chaabna K, Bhagat S, Abraham A, Doraiswamy S, Mamtani R, Cheema S. Syst Rev. Also, no data on medical history/current medical status were collected. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2011. p. 12368. Advice for the public on COVID-19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the management of the Nursing Faculty. Int J Nurs Stud. Anxiety This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety, perceived stress, and the coping strategies used by nursing students during their clinical training. internal Types and Degree of Stressful Events During Clinical Practice Approximately half of the students (47.92%) indicated a moderate level of stress with a mean Perceived Stress Scale score of 22.78 (8.54). Regarding the type of clinical placements, no significant differences were found when comparing the mean perceived stress (p=.352) using the ANOVA. 2019 May 1;58(5):266-272. doi: 10.3928/01484834-20190422-04. The hierarchical factor structure of the Coping Strategies Inventory. Crisis24 News Alert. Moreover, because the PSS contained a different number of items in English and Hungarian versions (10 items vs 14 items), we looked at the average score of the answers so that we could compare international and domestic students. the self-reliance strategy, "trying to make their own decisions" (62%); the social support strategies, "apologizing to people" (59.6%), "trying to help other people solve their problems" (56.3%), and "trying to keep up friendships or make new friends" (54.4%); the spiritual strategy, "praying" (65.8%); the seeking diversions strategy, "listening Escola Nacional de Sade Pblica, Fundao Oswaldo Cruz. The CSI displays significant differences between gender for the dimensions Expression of emotion, Social support and Problem avoidance, as, in all cases, the mean of these scores was higher among female students. According to Folkman and Lazarus, problem solving is one of the more effective ways to deal with stress as it focuses on behaviors in order to manage or alter the problem [26]. Mara Dolores Onieva-Zafra 2014;19:592605. 2017;7:2127. Regarding the students academic year, the dimensions that were found to be statistically significant were wishful thinking and social withdrawal. PubMed According to the findings, planning and adoption measures to nursing students training for active coping strategies, improving positive methods for reducing stress symptoms and helping to eliminate maladaptive coping strategies as drug consumption and avoidance by instructors and authorities is probably effective in nursing students coping with clinical stresses. Moreover, we performed a comparative analysis between perceived stress and coping strategies by gender, course and clinical placement, based on the available literature. 2007;35(1):2939. uuid:dab2d741-a4d9-437a-ad96-6074db860bc9 The performance of longitudinal studies conducted over several academic years is recommended as these may reveal changes in perceived stress over time. Descriptive results for the perceived stress scale, and dimensions of the anxiety and coping scale. J Adv Nurs. The percentage of students with GAD-7 of 10 and above (moderate anxiety) was 42.8% (30.8% among males and 44.7% among the females, p value of X 2 test = 0.21). The percentage of students with GAD-7 of 15 and above (severe anxiety) was 13.1% (0% among males and 14.9% among the females, p value of X 2 test = 0.03). Akour A, Al-Tammemi AB, Barakat M, Kanj R, Fakhouri HN, Malkawi A, et al. Opportunities to reduce contact numbersCommunity events in relation to COVID-19 virus infection. Vermeesch AL, Coro A, Mattes K, Ostendorff D, Timko Olson E, Garrigues L. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Br J Health Psychol. Among the remaining 1289 participants, 948 (73.5%) and 341 (26.5%) were Hungarian and international students, respectively. Abramowitz JS, Braddock A. Alsolais A, Alquwez N, Alotaibi KA, Alqarni AS, Almalki M, Alsolami F, Almazan J, Cruz JP. The fifth model explained 66.1% of the variance in perceived stress, representing the model with the best fit. Overall, 47.92% of the students experienced a moderate level of perceived stress and only 25% perceived a high degree of stress. Factor analysis was used to identify coping components. In the same study, most responders perceived the COVID-19 pandemic as a global catastrophe that will severely affect a lot of people. The effect of fear of COVID-19 on perceived clinical stress levels in senior nursing students: A cross-sectional study. http://ns.adobe.com/pdfx/1.3/ Link Google Scholar; Rasha M., Haya A. Anxiety, Perceived Stress And Coping Strategies In Nursing Students: A Cross-sectional, Correlational, Descriptive Study statement and In the Hungarian validation study, it was found that the SHAI mean score in a non-clinical sample (university students) was 33.02 points (6.28) and the Cronbach's alpha of the test was 0.83 [40]. XMP Paged-Text This is not only due to the many causes of intrinsic stress referred by healthcare professionals, but also because it is worth considering the negative and chronic effects of stress over time [2]. Psychol Med. BMC Medical Education, 2020, doi:10.1186/s12909-020-02294-z Part of PDF/A standard Transitional Challenges and Role of Preceptor among New Nursing Graduates. <> The perceived stress scale (PSS)-10 and Brief-COPE scale were used to assess the level of stress and coping strategies, respectively. Senior nursing students perceived higher levels of stress than novice students. 2016;40:10410. 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